The book highlights several major findings regarding the role of nature in medieval literature:
Nature as a Recurring Presence: Nature is a consistent presence in medieval literature, often interacting with human activities in both beneficial and hostile ways. This interaction can merge into the supernatural, as seen in Welsh Mabinogi stories.
Nature as a Symbol: Nature serves as a symbol for various themes, including the supernatural, the human condition, and social and political issues. For example, in Chaucer's works, nature is used to reflect human emotions, societal conflicts, and moral dilemmas.
Nature and Chivalry: In chivalric romances, nature often serves as a backdrop for knights' adventures and as a source of moral lessons. The forest, in particular, is a common setting for these stories, symbolizing both the dangers and the rewards of the natural world.
Nature and Social Commentary: Medieval literature uses nature to critique social and political issues. For instance, the Robin Hood stories present a rural ideal as a critique of urban social and economic oppressions.
Nature and Human Interaction: The book emphasizes the complex relationship between humans and nature in medieval literature, highlighting how authors explore the impact of human actions on the natural world and the influence of the natural world on human society.