"The Right to Be Lazy" by Paul Lafargue challenges traditional capitalist values by advocating for the abolition of the "Right to Work" and promoting the "Rights of Laziness." The central argument is that the love of work is a madness that leads to the degradation of the individual and society. Lafargue argues that work causes intellectual and physical degeneration, and that the working class is exploited and punished by the capitalist system. He proposes that with modern technology, workers could significantly reduce their working hours, allowing for a more leisurely lifestyle. This challenges capitalist values by advocating for a redistribution of labor and consumption, and by questioning the necessity of work for the sake of productivity and profit. Lafargue's argument also criticizes the self-denial and addiction to labor among the working class, which he sees as a result of capitalist propaganda and manipulation.